Musculoskeletal

Golfer's Elbow (Medial Epicondylitis)

Golfer's elbow (medial epicondylitis) is a painful condition caused by overuse of the forearm muscles and tendons that control wrist and finger movements. It causes pain and inflammation at the medial epicondyle — the bony bump on the inside of the elbow. Despite the name, it affects more than just golfers.

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Symptoms

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Causes

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Treatments

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Prevention

Condition Overview

Understand key symptoms, causes, diagnosis options, and treatment pathways for Golfer's Elbow (Medial Epicondylitis). This overview is intended for patient awareness and should be followed by specialist consultation.

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Symptoms

  • Pain and tenderness on the inner side of the elbow
  • Stiffness of the elbow
  • Weakness in the hands and wrists
  • Numbness or tingling radiating to the ring and little fingers
  • Pain worsens with specific movements (swinging, squeezing, turning)

Causes

  • Repetitive motions of the wrist and fingers (swinging a golf club, throwing, using tools)
  • Damage to the muscles and tendons at the medial epicondyle
  • Sudden acute injury

Diagnosis

  • Physical examination
  • X-rays (to rule out other conditions)
  • MRI or ultrasound

Treatment

  • Rest
  • Ice application
  • NSAIDs
  • Physical therapy (eccentric exercises)
  • Forearm brace/counterforce brace
  • Corticosteroid injections
  • PRP injections
  • Surgery (rare)

Risk Factors

  • Repetitive wrist and forearm activities
  • Age 40+
  • Obesity
  • Smoking
  • Certain sports and occupations

Prevention

  • Strengthen forearm muscles
  • Use proper technique in sports
  • Warm up before activity
  • Take breaks during repetitive work

Prevalence

Affects approximately 1–3% of adults; accounts for 10–20% of all epicondylitis cases.