Musculoskeletal

Knee Problems

The knee is the largest joint in the body. Knee problems are very common, and they occur in people of all ages. Knee problems can interfere with many things, from participation in sports to simply getting up from a chair and walking. Many types of minor knee problems can be treated with self-care and do not require medical treatment.

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Symptoms

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Causes

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Treatments

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Prevention

Condition Overview

Understand key symptoms, causes, diagnosis options, and treatment pathways for Knee Problems. This overview is intended for patient awareness and should be followed by specialist consultation.

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Symptoms

  • Pain
  • Swelling and stiffness
  • Redness and warmth to the touch
  • Weakness or instability
  • Popping or crunching noises
  • Inability to fully straighten the knee

Causes

  • Sports or exercise injuries (ACL, meniscus tears)
  • Overuse injuries
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Bursitis
  • Patellar problems

Diagnosis

  • Physical examination
  • X-rays
  • CT scan
  • Ultrasound
  • MRI
  • Arthroscopy

Treatment

  • R.I.C.E. (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation)
  • Physical therapy
  • Medications
  • Injections
  • Arthroscopic surgery
  • Partial or total knee replacement

Risk Factors

  • Excess weight
  • Previous injury
  • Lack of muscle flexibility or strength
  • Certain sports or occupations

Prevention

  • Maintain healthy weight
  • Stay in shape
  • Perfect technique in sports
  • Warm up before exercise

Prevalence

Knee pain is the second most common cause of chronic pain and affects over 100 million people worldwide.

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