Autoimmune/Rheumatic

Sjögren's Syndrome

Sjögren's syndrome is a disorder of the immune system identified by its two most common symptoms — dry eyes and a dry mouth. The condition often accompanies other immune system disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. The immune system mistakenly attacks the glands that produce tears and saliva.

9

Symptoms

4

Causes

5

Treatments

1

Prevention

Condition Overview

Understand key symptoms, causes, diagnosis options, and treatment pathways for Sjögren's Syndrome. This overview is intended for patient awareness and should be followed by specialist consultation.

AutoimmuneRheumaticPrevalence Available

Need Help?

Our specialists can guide you through symptoms and treatment options.

Book Appointment

24/7 Emergency: +91 1800-MEDICARE

Symptoms

  • Dry eyes (feeling of grit in eyes)
  • Dry mouth (difficulty swallowing or speaking)
  • Joint pain, swelling, and stiffness
  • Swollen salivary glands
  • Skin rashes or dry skin
  • Vaginal dryness
  • Persistent dry cough
  • Prolonged fatigue
  • Neuropathy

Causes

  • Autoimmune
  • Genetic predisposition
  • Possible viral/bacterial trigger
  • Hormonal factors

Diagnosis

  • Physical examination
  • Blood tests (ANA, anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibodies, RF)
  • Eye tests (Schirmer test, slit-lamp exam)
  • Lip biopsy
  • Imaging of salivary glands

Treatment

  • Artificial tears and lubricating eye drops
  • Saliva stimulants (pilocarpine, cevimeline)
  • NSAIDs or hydroxychloroquine
  • Immunosuppressants
  • Biologics for severe cases

Risk Factors

  • Female sex (90% of cases)
  • Age over 40
  • Rheumatic disease

Prevention

  • No known prevention

Prevalence

Affects approximately 4 million Americans; third most common rheumatic disease.