Skin

Xanthelasma

Xanthelasma appears as yellowish cholesterol-rich plaques around the eyelids. It is usually benign but may be associated with lipid abnormalities and cardiovascular risk.

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Symptoms

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Causes

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Treatments

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Prevention

Condition Overview

Understand key symptoms, causes, diagnosis options, and treatment pathways for Xanthelasma. This overview is intended for patient awareness and should be followed by specialist consultation.

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Symptoms

  • Soft yellowish patches around eyelids
  • Usually painless skin lesions
  • Slow enlargement over time
  • Cosmetic concern

Causes

  • Lipid deposition under the skin
  • High cholesterol or triglyceride levels
  • Familial lipid disorders
  • Can occur even with normal lipid levels

Diagnosis

  • Clinical skin examination
  • Lipid profile blood tests
  • Assessment of cardiovascular risk factors

Treatment

  • Lipid management and lifestyle changes
  • Laser therapy or surgical removal
  • Chemical cauterization in selected cases
  • Follow-up for recurrence

Risk Factors

  • High LDL cholesterol
  • Diabetes and metabolic syndrome
  • Family history of dyslipidemia
  • Middle age

Prevention

  • Maintain healthy cholesterol levels
  • Heart-healthy diet and regular exercise
  • Routine lipid screening
  • Control diabetes and blood pressure

Prevalence

Relatively common in adults and may be seen with or without elevated cholesterol.

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